ADM: a systematic approach to the mental process used to determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances.
- Risk Management
- Dangerous Tendencies
- Hazardous Attitudes
- Human Error
Risk management is the part of the decision-making process that relies on situational awareness, problem recognition, and good judgment to reduce risks associated with flight.
PAVE is a commonly used acronym that identifies the basic risk elements in the ADM process. It should be used as a personal minimums evaluation checklist for pilots.
Pilot – Aircraft – EnVironment – External Pressures
At one time or another, virtually every pilot has succumbed to dangerous tendencies or behaviors. Scud running, visual flight into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), and neglecting checklists (and instead, relying on memory) are common examples of behaviors that must be recognized and eliminated.
The one most common factor in most preventable accidents is human error.
Hazardous Attitudes The first step in neutralizing hazardous attitudes is to recognize hazardous thoughts. When a hazardous attitude is recognized, it should be labeled as such and corrected by stating (or thinking) the corresponding antidote.